ARCADIA -- After Hurricane Charley devastated much of DeSoto County on Aug. 13, 2004, the Federal Emergency Management Agency moved in with housing and other assistance.
The deal was this:
FEMA would bring in mobile home units, set them up and provide 18 months of rent-free housing for displaced residents. During that time, the residents were to seek permanent housing. Not paying rent, FEMA said then, should help those in need save for new housing.
The 18 months ends a week from now.
And eviction notices are in the mail.
Almost half of the residents helped by FEMA remain in FEMA mobile homes, many in two parks on Fiveash Street but most in trailers outside homes still showing Charley's damage.
At peak need, there were 1,445 FEMA mobile homes and travel trailers housing DeSoto residents. Today, there are 591. The south FEMA park has 138 occupied units; the north side has 75.
DeSoto is unique in that the lands where the parks were constructed are leased from private owners. In Charlotte and Hardee counties, the FEMA parks are on county-owned land, for the most part. Extending a lease is not difficult if county officials agree on the need. That's not possible in DeSoto, since the county is not involved.
Complicating the situation in DeSoto is the fact that the owners of the north park property have put it up for sale for $7.5 million.
Denise Everhart, the FEMA public information officer for this area, knows the world is watching what happens a week from now. Some residents have not sought housing, she said, and those will be evicted because, she said, "they are in non-compliance with their lease." Some are trying to find an affordable home, and those still in need will be considered case-by-case, she said.
"This was never meant to be permanent housing," Jim Homstad of FEMA's Orlando office said.
Certainly, the Feb. 13 deadline to move out was always known. It is on every contract everyone receiving FEMA housing assistance signed.
That hasn't stopped the complaining, however.
"I've done my housing plan every month (as FEMA asked)," said Eula Stanka, a single mom living in a mobile home on the north side of Fiveash Street. "And now we're being evicted. You tell me where I can go, a place I can afford as a single mom. You tell me. I'll be more than happy to move."
Almost everyone does seem to agree on one point: DeSoto County does not have sufficient affordable housing.
Since Charley, neither the county nor the City of Arcadia has created public or affordable housing -- and Charley destroyed some of the little that existed in Arcadia. Because of escalating land values, rental prices have been going up the past 18 months.
Stanka said the understanding among FEMA park residents was that they had to continue to seek alternative housing, keeping FEMA aware of their searches, but that if they were unable to find such housing that FEMA would extend their stay on a month-by-month basis.
Homstad and Everhart both agree that FEMA residents had to search for housing and file reports, but the promise of extended housing was never made. Homstad said FEMA has no desire to kick anyone out, and eviction will be done only after each situation is reviewed.
But the lease was not open-ended, they note. FEMA trailers were not meant to be housing people from now until rental home prices come down or the county explodes in new affordable housing. The FEMA trailers were for a fixed time, known to everyone, they say. And that time is up.
"There's going to be a helluva fight," Stanka said.
Everhart knows the actions FEMA takes on Charley victims will set a precedent for actions yet to come. Charley was the first devastating hurricane of 2004, but it was only the start of a hard season. In short succession, Florida was hit by Frances, Ivan and Jeanne, each requiring FEMA parks for displaced residents. Those leases expire on the 18-month anniversary of each storm's disastrous landfall.
Then in 2005, Wilma and Katrina added woes for FEMA housing. More parks were created. Each has an 18-month deadline.
"Yes," Everhart agreed, "the eyes of the world will be on what we do about Charley housing."
Stanka can't understand why long-range planning wasn't done.
"Why didn't government -- I don't care which one -- step in and do low income housing?" Stanka asked. "They knew people were going to need housing. They've had all this time to do ... something."
Everhart knows only that FEMA did what it promised to do. It provided temporary, free housing for those in need. There is no provision in federal law to allow extending funding past the 18 months, she said. Who, then, would have to pay?
"There was a big meeting last week of DeSoto, Hardee and Charlotte officials on what we can do," Everhart said. "We put a bunch of options on the table, trying to figure out what to do."
Homstad said among those options for DeSoto is moving the mobile homes yet again. They could be moved to any of several private RV parks, he said, or onto land adjacent to the Turner Agri-Civic Center.
"If people are working toward finding permanent housing," Everhart said, "we're not going to yank the manufactured home out from under them." But if they have been found "in non-compliance of lease," and have received such a notice, then they have 10 days to leave after that notice is given, she said.
And if they don't?
"We give them an eviction notice and turn it over to law enforcement -- if we have to," she concluded. "Most leave on their own."
Everhart said there is no option to extend leases for the land where the DeSoto parks are located. "I don't think anyone anticipated there was going to be such a housing shortage," she said, "that at this point so many people still don't have a place to move."
You can e-mail Robert Bowden at bob@sun-herald.com. By ROBERT BOWDEN Staff Writer